Introduction
Male infertility is one of the most significant clinical concerns addressed in andrology. Scientific evidence indicates that male factors contribute to approximately half of all infertility cases worldwide. Despite this, male infertility remains underdiagnosed due to limited awareness and delayed medical consultation.
Andrology provides a structured and comprehensive approach to understanding and treating male infertility.
Causes of Male Infertility
Male infertility may result from testicular dysfunction, hormonal imbalance, genetic abnormalities, obstructive disorders, infections, or environmental exposure. Lifestyle factors such as smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, obesity, chronic stress, and poor sleep habits significantly impair sperm quality.
Occupational exposure to toxins, excessive heat, and radiation further increases infertility risk.
Diagnostic Evaluation in Andrology
Andrological assessment includes semen analysis, erotic sense, hormonal profiling, physical examination, scrotal ultrasound, and genetic testing when indicated. Advanced tests such as sperm DNA fragmentation analysis provide deeper insight into sperm integrity and reproductive potential.
Treatment Approaches
Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may include medical therapy, surgical intervention, lifestyle modification, or assisted reproductive technologies. Andrology emphasizes individualized care to optimize fertility outcomes.
Conclusion
Male infertility is a complex condition requiring comprehensive andrological evaluation. Early diagnosis and targeted treatment significantly improve reproductive success and overall health.